The get you out of trouble method that I was taught was to set the N°1 piston to TDC using a dial gauge, measuring from say 10 thou below, going past TDC (top dead centre) to 10 thou below and dividing the distance between the two on the fly wheel. Working without the pistons, with the engine up side down, (bearing in mind that it's a fixed head!)N°2 journal at BDC (Bottom dead centre) might be easier. Find a convenient place to mark the flywheel for future reference. When N°1 is at TDC, the valves on N°4 cylinder should be "on the rock", the point where the inlet valve is opening and the exhaust valve is closing. With the valves in place, with the correct tappet clearances at the point where the cams just start to touch or come of the followers should be right! It's easier with a single cam shaft engine! My method should be sufficiently close to get the teeth into mesh. If the cams have no adjustment on the cam shaft, this method should be spot on. The Cams being marked in degrees could have been that when the engine was first set up, they had a selection of pinions to fine set the timing.
Regards, Matthew